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Compare Western Sahara (2001) - Northern Mariana Islands (2004)

Compare Western Sahara (2001) z Northern Mariana Islands (2004)

 Western Sahara (2001)Northern Mariana Islands (2004)
 Western SaharaNorthern Mariana Islands
Administrative divisions none (under de facto control of Morocco) none (commonwealth in political union with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four municipalities at the second order; Northern Islands, Rota, Saipan, Tinian
Age structure 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%		 0-14 years: 20.3% (male 8,286; female 7,625)


15-64 years: 78.1% (male 25,579; female 35,534)


65 years and over: 1.6% (male 603; female 625) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads) coconuts, fruits, vegetables; cattle
Airports 11 (2000 est.) 6 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total:
266,000 sq km

land:
266,000 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 477 sq km


land: 477 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 14 islands including Saipan, Rota, and Tinian
Area - comparative about the size of Colorado 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed and is not expected to occur until at least 2002. Under US administration as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific, the people of the Northern Mariana Islands decided in the 1970s not to seek independence but instead to forge closer links with the US. Negotiations for territorial status began in 1972. A covenant to establish a commonwealth in political union with the US was approved in 1975. A new government and constitution went into effect in 1978.
Birth rate - 19.77 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA		 revenues: $193 million


expenditures: $223 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY01/02 est.)
Capital none Saipan
Climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June, rainy season July to October
Coastline 1,110 km 1,482 km
Constitution - Covenant Agreement effective 4 November 1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Western Sahara

former:
Spanish Sahara		 conventional long form: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands


conventional short form: Northern Mariana Islands


former: Mariana Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Currency Moroccan dirham (MAD) US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 2.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $NA NA
Dependency status - commonwealth in political union with the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US none -
Diplomatic representation in the US none -
Disputes - international claimed and administered by Morocco, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991 none
Economic aid - recipient $NA extensive funding from US
Economy - overview Western Sahara, a territory poor in natural resources and lacking sufficient rainfall, depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. Most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Incomes and standards of living are substantially below the Moroccan level. The economy benefits substantially from financial assistance from the US. The rate of funding has declined as locally generated government revenues have grown. The key tourist industry employs about 50% of the work force and accounts for roughly one-fourth of GDP. Japanese tourists predominate. Annual tourist entries have exceeded one-half million in recent years, but financial difficulties in Japan have caused a temporary slowdown. The agricultural sector is made up of cattle ranches and small farms producing coconuts, breadfruit, tomatoes, and melons. Garment production is by far the most important industry with employment of 17,500 mostly Chinese workers and sizable shipments to the US under duty and quota exemptions.
Electricity - consumption 83.7 million kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh
Electricity - production 90 million kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Sebjet Tah -55 m

highest point:
unnamed location 463 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Agrihan 965 m
Environment - current issues sparse water and lack of arable land contamination of groundwater on Saipan may contribute to disease; clean-up of landfill; protection of endangered species conflicts with development
Environment - international agreements party to:
none of the selected agreements

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Arab, Berber Chamorro, Carolinians and other Micronesians, Caucasian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Korean
Exchange rates Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996) the US dollar is used
Executive branch none chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Juan N. BABAUTA (since NA January 2002); Lieutenant Governor Diego T. BENAVENTE (since NA January 2002)


cabinet: NA


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held NA November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: Juan N. BABAUTA elected governor in a four-way race; percent of vote - Juan N. BABAUTA (Republican Party) 49%
Exports $NA NA
Exports - commodities phosphates 62% garments
Exports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts US (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description - blue, with a white, five-pointed star superimposed on the gray silhouette of a latte stone (a traditional foundation stone used in building) in the center, surrounded by a wreath
GDP purchasing power parity - $NA purchasing power parity - $900 million


note: GDP estimate includes US subsidy (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
40%-45% (1996 est.)		 agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $NA purchasing power parity - $12,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA
Geographic coordinates 24 30 N, 13 00 W 15 12 N, 145 45 E
Geography - note - strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) 1 (2003 est.)
Highways total:
6,200 km

paved:
1,350 km

unpaved:
4,850 km (1991 est.)		 total: 362 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (1991)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports $NA NA
Imports - commodities fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs food, construction equipment and materials, petroleum products
Imports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts US, Japan (2000)
Independence - none (commonwealth in political union with the US)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA
Industries phosphate mining, handicrafts tourism, construction, garments, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - total: 7.25 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 7.18 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% 1.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation none Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - Commonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court; Federal District Court
Labor force 12,000 6,006 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (June 1995)
Labor force - by occupation animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50% NA
Land boundaries total:
2,046 km

border countries:
Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
19%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
81%		 arable land: 13.04%


permanent crops: 4.35%


other: 82.61% (2001)
Languages Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic English, Chamorro, Carolinian


note: 86% of population speaks a language other than English at home
Legal system - based on US system, except for customs, wages, immigration laws, and taxation
Legislative branch - bicameral Legislature consists of the Senate (9 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year staggered terms) and the House of Representatives (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 1 November 2003 (next to be held 5 November 2005); House of Representatives - last held 1 November 2003 (next to be held 5 November 2005)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Covenant Party 9, Republican Party 7, Democratic Party 1, independent 1


note: the Northern Mariana Islands does not have a nonvoting delegate in the US Congress; instead, it has an elected official or "resident representative" located in Washington, DC; seats by party - Republican Party 1 (Pedro A. TENORIO)
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 75.67 years


male: 73.11 years


female: 78.38 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 96% (1980 est.)
Location Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco Oceania, islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines
Map references Africa Oceania
Maritime claims contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - none
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches NA -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday - Commonwealth Day, 8 January (1978)
Nationality noun:
Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)

adjective:
Sahrawian, Sahraouian		 noun: NA


adjective: NA
Natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November)
Natural resources phosphates, iron ore arable land, fish
Net migration rate - 9.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [NA]; Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 250,559 (July 2001 est.) 78,252 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate - 2.71% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun) Saipan, Tinian
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios 56,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Muslim Christian (Roman Catholic majority, although traditional beliefs and taboos may still be found)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.72 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.97 male(s)/female


total population: 0.79 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign has yet to be completed 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system general assessment:
sparse and limited system

domestic:
NA

international:
tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco		 general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-670; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use about 2,000 (1999 est.) 21,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1999) 3,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations NA 1 (on Saipan and one station planned for Rota; in addition, two cable services on Saipan provide varied programming from satellite networks) (1997)
Terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate - 1.33 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% NA
Waterways none -
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